A copper rod of mass m slides under gravity on two smooth parallel rails, with separation l and set at an angle of θ with the horizontal. At the bottom, rails are joined by a resistance R. There is a uniform magnetic field B normal to the plane of the rails, as shown in the figure. The terminal speed of the copper rod is:
mgRcosθB²l²
mgRcotθB²l²
mgRtanθB²l²
mgRsinθB²l²
Solution:
ε = dΦ/dt = d(BA)/dt = d(Blx)/dt = Bldx/dt = BlV F = ilB = (B2lV/R)(lB) = B²l²/R V At equilibrium ⇒ mgsinθ = B²l²/R V ⇒ V = mgRsinθ/B²l²