A number x is selected at random from the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4. Another number y is selected at random from the numbers 1, 4, 9, and 16. Find the probability that the product of x and y is less than 16.

Number of possible outcomes for x is 1, 2, 3, 4 = 4
Number of possible outcomes for y is 1, 4, 9, 16 = 4
Since they are selected at random, hence each has equal in number of possibilities.
Therefore, total outcomes = 16 (like a dice question making a box and writing the products as (1×1), (1×4), (1×9), (1×16), (2×1), (2×4), (2×9), (2×16), (3×1), (3×4), (3×9), (3×16), (4×1), (4×4), (4×9), (4×16)
Favorable outcomes = 8 (1×1), (1×4), (1×9), (2×1), (2×4), (3×1), (3×4), (4×1)
Probability that product of x and y is less than 16 = 8/16 = 1/2