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Question:

A passenger train of length 60 m travels at a speed of 80 km/hr. Another freight train of length 120 m travels at a speed of 30 km/hr. The ratio of times taken by the passenger train to completely cross the freight train when: (1) they are moving in the same direction, and (ii) in the opposite directions is____?

2511

32

115

52

Solution:

Let the length of the passenger train be x = 60 m and its speed be v = 80 km/hr = 80 * (5/18) m/s = 200/9 m/s.
Let the length of the freight train be y = 120 m and its speed be u = 30 km/hr = 30 * (5/18) m/s = 25/3 m/s.

(i) When the trains are moving in the same direction:
The relative speed is v - u = (200/9) - (25/3) = (200 - 75)/9 = 125/9 m/s.
The total distance to be covered is x + y = 60 + 120 = 180 m.
Time taken t1 = (distance)/(relative speed) = 180 / (125/9) = 180 * 9 / 125 = 1620/125 = 12.96 s

(ii) When the trains are moving in opposite directions:
The relative speed is v + u = (200/9) + (25/3) = (200 + 75)/9 = 275/9 m/s.
The total distance to be covered is x + y = 60 + 120 = 180 m.
Time taken t2 = (distance)/(relative speed) = 180 / (275/9) = 180 * 9 / 275 = 1620/275 = 5.89 s

The ratio of times is t1/t2 = (180 * 9 / 125) / (180 * 9 / 275) = 275/125 = 11/5 = 2.2

However, the given options suggest a simpler approach. Let's use the formula directly.

t1 = (x + y) / (v - u) = (60 + 120) / (80 - 30) = 180/50 = 18/5
t2 = (x + y) / (v + u) = (60 + 120) / (80 + 30) = 180/110 = 18/11

t1/t2 = (18/5) / (18/11) = 11/5
Therefore, the ratio of times is 11:5