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Question:

A pea plant parent having violet-coloured flowers with unknown genotype was crossed with a plant having white-coloured flowers. In a progeny, 50% of the plants had violet flowers and 50% had white flowers. What is the genotype of the violet-flowered parent?

Merozygous

Heterozygous

Homozygous

Hemizygous

Solution:

The correct option is Heterozygous.
The cross between violet-flowered plant and white-flowered plant:
Vv (violet) X vv (white)
F1- Vv, Vv, vv, vv
So, the phenotypic ratio is 1 violet : 1 white.
So, the genotypic constitution of the parent having violet-coloured flowers was heterozygous (Vv).