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Question:

An alcohol gave Lucas test in about 5 minutes. When the alcohol was treated with hot concentrated H2SO4, it gave an alkene of molecular formula C4H8 which on ozonolysis gives a single product with molecular formula C2H4O. The structure of alcohol is:

CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3

CH3CH(OH)CH2CH2CH3

CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

(CH3)3C−OH

Solution:

CH3CH2−CH(OH)−CH3H+−−→CH3−CH=CH−CH3O3,Zn/H2O−−−−−−−−−−→2CH3−CHO
As Lucas test is given by compound in about 5 minutes, it is a secondary alcohol.
After ozonolysis only one product is obtained confirms that the alkene form was symmetric and that is possible if and only if alcohol was secondary.
Hence, the alcohol is CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3.