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Question:

Define azeotropes. What type of azeotrope is formed by a positive deviation from Raoult's law?

Solution:

Azeotropes are the binary mixtures of solution that have the same composition in liquid and vapour phase and that have constant boiling points throughout distillation. A minimum-boiling azeotrope is formed by solution showing a large positive deviation from Raoult's law at specific composition. Example: An ethanol-water mixture containing approximately 95% ethanol and 5% water forms a minimum-boiling azeotrope.