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Question:

Draw a labelled diagram in proper sequence to show budding in Hydra.

Solution:

A labelled diagram showing budding in Hydra would depict the following stages:

  1. Initial Bud Formation: A small outgrowth or bud appears on the body wall of the parent Hydra. This bud is initially a small bulge containing the parent's ectoderm and endoderm. The bud develops from interstitial cells (stem cells) located between the ectoderm and endoderm. A small protrusion arises on the body wall.

  2. Bud Development: The bud gradually increases in size. It develops its own tentacles, mouth, and gastrovascular cavity which begins as an outgrowth of the parent's gastrovascular cavity. The bud's gastrovascular cavity connects with the parent's gastrovascular cavity, allowing for nutrient exchange.

  3. Tentacle Formation: As the bud grows, it develops a ring of tentacles around its developing mouth. These tentacles are critical for capturing prey.

  4. Mouth Development: A mouth opens at the distal end of the bud.

  5. Separation: Once the bud has fully developed its own mouth and tentacles, it becomes independent. It detaches from the parent Hydra, establishing itself as a new individual. Sometimes, budding hydras may remain attached to the parent for a while longer, forming a colony. The new hydra may be identical to its parent, demonstrating asexual reproduction.

Diagram:

A proper diagram should show a Hydra with a bud at various stages of development, clearly labelled with:

  • Parent Hydra
  • Bud
  • Ectoderm
  • Endoderm
  • Gastrovascular Cavity
  • Tentacles
  • Mouth

The diagram should illustrate the sequence from a small bud to a fully formed individual separating from the parent. The connection between the bud's gastrovascular cavity and the parent's cavity should be clearly indicated. Arrows may be used to show the progression of development. The diagram must be accurate and in proper sequence.