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Question:

Draw the structure of the following: (i) XeO3 (ii) H2SO4

Solution:

(i) XeO3

Xenon trioxide (XeO3) has a trigonal pyramidal structure. Xenon is the central atom, and it forms three sigma bonds with three oxygen atoms. The xenon atom has one lone pair of electrons. The molecule's geometry is based on a tetrahedral arrangement of electron pairs, but the presence of the lone pair distorts the shape into a pyramidal structure.

[Diagram of XeO3 showing a trigonal pyramidal structure with Xe at the apex and three O atoms at the base, and a lone pair on Xe]

(ii) H2SO4

Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) has a tetrahedral structure around the sulfur atom. The sulfur atom is the central atom, forming two sigma bonds with two hydroxyl (-OH) groups and two double bonds with two oxygen atoms. The molecule has a tetrahedral shape due to the four electron domains around the sulfur atom. The two hydrogen atoms are attached to the two oxygen atoms. Resonance structures are possible where the double bonds can be drawn across different oxygen atoms.

[Diagram of H2SO4 showing a tetrahedral structure with S at the center, two OH groups and two double-bonded O atoms. Possibly show resonance structures.]