Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional area 1.0 × 10⁻⁸ m² carrying a current of 1.5 A. Assume the density of conduction electrons to be 9 × 10²⁸ m⁻³.
Solution:
Drift velocity is given by: vd = J/ne vd = I/neA vd = 1.5/(9 × 10²⁸ × 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ × 10⁻⁸) vd = 1.042 × 10⁻⁴ m/s