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Question:

In an experiment, the initial number of radioactive nuclei is 3000. It is found that 1000±40 nuclei decayed in 1.0 s. For |x|<<1, ln(1+x) = x up to the first power in x. The error Δλ, in the determination of the decay constant λ, is

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.01

Solution:

N = N0e-λt
lnN = lnN0 - λt
ΔN/N = -Δλt
Converting to error
ΔN/N = Δ(λt)
Δλ = ΔN/(Nt) = 40/(2000 × 1) = 0.02