a=(ii),b=(i),c=(iv),d=(iii)
a=(i),b=(ii),c=(iii),d=(iv)
a=(iii),b=(ii),c=(iv),d=(i)
a=(iv),b=(i),c=(iii),d=(ii)
Detrivores are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients by consuming detritus or decomposing plant and animal parts as well as faeces. Earthworm is a detrivore. In succession, pioneer species like lichen, algae, and fungi, as well as other abiotic factors like wind and water start to 'normalize' the habitat. Pollination is a type of ecosystem service which enhances the service provided by insects/birds through behavioral interaction. Natality is the crude birth rate or specific birth rate and is the greatest influence on a population's increase. Thus, the correct answer is option D.