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Question:

Thalassemia and sickle cell anemia are caused due to a problem in globin molecule synthesis. Select the correct statement.
Sickle cell anemia is due to a quantitative problem of both globin molecules.
Sickle cell anemia is due to qualitative defect in both globin chain synthesis.
Thalassemia is due to a quantitative defect in only alpha globin chain synthesis.
Thalassemia is due to less synthesis of globin molecules.

Sickle cell anemia is due to qualitative defect in both globin chain synthesis.

Thalassemia is due to a quantitative defect in only alpha globin chain synthesis.

Sickle cell anemia is due to a quantitative problem of both globin molecules.

Thalassemia is due to less synthesis of globin molecules.

Solution:

Thalassemia and sickle cell anemia are genetic disorders in which hemoglobin synthesis is affected. In thalassemia, there is a defect in the α or β globin chain. This leads to the synthesis of abnormal red blood cells due to the decreased synthesis of globin molecules. Whereas in sickle-cell anemia there is a mutation in β globin gene resulting in sickling of red blood cells. Thus the correct answer is option D.