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Question:

The effect of lanthanoid contraction in the lanthanoid series of elements by and large means:

increase in atomic radii and decrease in ionic radii

decrease in atomic radii and increase in ionic radii

decrease in both atomic and ionic radii

increase in both atomic and ionic radii

Solution:

Due to lanthanoid contraction, both atomic radii and ionic radii decrease gradually in the lanthanoid series. The Lanthanide contraction is caused by a poor shielding effect of the 4f electrons.