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Question:

The reversible expansion of an ideal gas under adiabatic and isothermal conditions is shown in the figure. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) correct?

T1=T2

ΔUisothermal>ΔUadiabatic

T3>T1

Wisothermal>Wadiabatic

Solution:

(A) For an Isothermal process, the temperature is constant ∴T1=T2 (B) Adiabatic process temp. decreases. ∴T3<T1 (C) In Wisothermal, ΔU=0, so energy gets converted into work done whereas for in the adiabatic process Q=0 ∴Wisothermal>Wadiabatic (D) For isothermal process change in internal energy is constant but not in the adiabatic process. Thus ΔUisothermal=0, ΔUadiabatic=-ve, so ∴ΔUisothermal>ΔUadiabatic Hence, the correct options are A, C and D