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Question:

The two nearest harmonics of a tube closed at one end and open at the other end are 220Hz and 260Hz. What is the fundamental frequency of the system?

10Hz

20Hz

30Hz

40Hz

Solution:

Frequency of nth harmonic vibration in closed pipe Vn = (2n-1)v/4L = 220
Frequency of (n+1)th harmonic vibration Vn+1 = [2(n+1)-1]v/4L = [(2n+1)v]/4L = 260Hz
But Vn+1 - Vn = 260 - 220 = 40
[(2n+1) - (2n-1)]v/4L = 40
2v/4L = 40
v/2L = 40
v/L = 80Hz
So the fundamental frequency of the system is 20Hz (since v/4L = fundamental frequency, and v/L = 80Hz, then v/4L = 80/4 = 20Hz).
Hence C is the correct answer.