devarshi-dt-logo

Question:

Three numbers are selected at random (without replacement) from the first six positive integers. Let X denote the largest of the three numbers obtained. Find the probability distribution of X. Also, find the mean and variance of the distribution.

Solution:

First six positive integers are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Therefore, Three numbers are selected at random without replacement so, total no. of ways 6C3 = 20.
Let, x denote the larger of three numbers.
So, x can take values 3, 4, 5, 6.
p(x=3) = 1/20
p(x=4) = 3/20
p(x=5) = 6/20
p(x=6) = 10/20
Refer the tabular column:

x p(x) xp(x) x²p(x)
3 1/20 3/20 9/20
4 3/20 12/20 48/20
5 6/20 30/20 150/20
6 10/20 60/20 360/20

mean = Σxp(x) = 3/20 + 12/20 + 30/20 + 60/20 = 105/20 = 5.25
Variance = Σx²p(x) - (Σxp(x))² = (567/20) - (105/20)² = 28.35 - 27.5625 = 0.7875