To determine the half-life of a radioactive element, a student plots a graph of ln|dN(t)/dt| versus t. Here dN(t)/dt is the rate of radioactive decay at time t. If the number of radioactive nuclei of this element decreases by a factor of p after 4.16 years, the value of p is:
10
11
8
9
Solution:
N=N0e−λt ln|dN/dt|=ln(N0λ)−λt From graph, λ=1/2 per year t1/2=0.693/λ=1.386 year 4.16 yrs = 3t1/2 ∴p=8