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Question:

Very pure hydrogen (99.9%) can be made by which of the following methods?

Electrolysis of water

Reaction of methane with steam

Reaction of salt like hydrides with water

Mixing natural hydrocarbons of high molecular weight

Solution:

Pure hydrogen can be obtained from the electrolysis of water. Cathode (reduction): 2H₂O(l) + 2e⁻ → H₂(g) + 2OH⁻(aq) Anode (oxidation): 4OH⁻(aq) → O₂(g) + 2H₂O(l) + 4e⁻ Combining either half reaction pair yields the same overall decomposition of water into oxygen and hydrogen: Overall reaction: 2H₂O(l) → 2H₂(g) + O₂(g) The number of hydrogen molecules produced is thus twice the number of oxygen molecules.