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Question:

Which one of the following is essential for photolysis of water?

Zinc

Manganese

Copper

Boron

Solution:

Photolysis is part of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. The general reaction of photosynthetic photolysis can be given as: H2A + 2 photons (light) → 2 e⁻ + 2 H⁺ + A. The chemical nature of "A" depends on the type of organism. In purple sulfur bacteria, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is oxidized to sulfur (S). In oxygenic photosynthesis, water (H₂O) serves as a substrate for photolysis resulting in the generation of diatomic oxygen (O2). This is the process which returns oxygen to Earth's atmosphere. Photolysis of water occurs in the thylakoids of cyanobacteria and the chloroplasts of green algae and plants. Manganese is a micro element required by plants, obtained in the form of manganous ions. It is an important ion in photolysis. It also helps by activating several other enzymes which promotes photolysis. So, the correct answer is 'Manganese'