Which one of the following populations interactions is widely used in medical science for the production of antibiotics?

The correct option is Amensalism. Amensalism is the type of interaction in which one of the species is inhibited or destroyed by the other species and other species remain unaffected. This type of interaction involves the production of antibiotics which will inhibit or kill the other species in the association. These types of interactions are commonly used in medical science for the commercial production of antibiotics. Thus, the correct answer is option C.